Silage Spring Corn Broadband Intercropping Soybean Light and Simple Green Technology Model

1. Technical points

(1) Variety selection. Consider local ecological conditions, planting system, planting season, production mode and other factors, and select rice varieties that can ensure safe earing according to the before and after cropping. Double-cropping rice areas should pay attention to the reasonable matching of early rice and continuous cropping late rice varieties.

(2) Seed treatment. The germination rate of conventional rice should reach 90%, and that of hybrid rice should reach more than 85%. Seed treatment includes seed selection, seed soaking and disinfection, and germination. First dry the seeds for 1-2 days to increase the germination potential and germination rate of the seeds, and then use salt water or clear water to select the seeds. After soaking and disinfecting for 48 hours, wash with clean water to accelerate germination, and use suitable temperature to accelerate germination. The requirements for germination should be “fast, uniform, uniform, and strong”, and the temperature should be controlled at about 35°C. When the seeds are white, they can be sown after spreading to dry.

(3) Seedling soil or substrate preparation. You can choose fertilized and acid-adjusted dry land soil or seedling raising substrate for seedling raising. Dry land soil seedling raising should choose fertile soil with a neutral to acidic pH, good loose ventilation, high organic matter content, no grass seeds, and no sources of diseases and insect pests. In order to prevent blight, etc., it is necessary to adjust the acidity and disinfection of the soil; it is recommended to use a special seedling raising substrate for rice machine transplanting to ensure the safety of seedling raising and cultivate strong seedlings.

(4) Sowing at the right time. Sowing at the right time, the southern early rice is sown in March when the temperature warms, and the seedling age is 25-30 days; the southern single-cropping rice is generally sown from mid-to-late May to early June, and the seedling age is 15-20 days; -20 days.

(5) Precision seeding on the assembly line. Reasonably determine the sowing amount according to the variety type, season and seedling tray specifications to achieve precision sowing. The sowing rate of 9-inch seedling trays for double-cropping conventional rice in the south is generally 100-120 grams per tray, about 30 trays per mu; the sowing amount of hybrid rice can be appropriately reduced according to the growth characteristics of the variety. The sowing rate of 9-inch seedling trays for single-season hybrid rice is 70-100 grams per tray, and the 7-inch seedling trays are adjusted accordingly according to the area. Choose a special seedling tray with stacked trays for dark emergence, and use a machine-transplanted seedling planting line with uniform sowing, accurate seeding rate control, and watering in place to sow, and complete the operations of placing trays, spreading soil, suppressing, watering, sowing, and covering soil at one time. The end of the assembly line can be equipped with a stacking plate mechanism, equipped with automatic feeding and other equipment. Do a good job of mechanical debugging before sowing, and adjust the amount of seeding, bed soil laying, covering soil and watering.

(6) Seedlings emerge from the stacked trays in the dark. Stack the seedling trays after sowing on the assembly line, about 25 trays per stack, place a seedling tray filled with soil but not sown on the top, put 6 stacks of seedling trays on each tray, about 150 trays, and transport the trays with a forklift to A dark emergence room with temperature and humidity control, the temperature is controlled at about 32°C, and the humidity is controlled above 90%. Place it for 48-72 hours, and remove it with a forklift when the buds stand upright (buds are 0.5-1.0 cm long), and supply them to seedling raising points.

(7) Laying out seedlings. Early rice is placed in plastic greenhouses or arched sheds on seedling boards are used for heat preservation and moisturizing seedling raising. Single-cropping rice and continuous cropping late rice can be directly placed on seedling boards for seedling raising. If conditions permit, insect-proof nets can be used to raise seedlings in greenhouses.

(8) Seedling management. After the early rice is sown in the southern rice area, it is covered with plastic film to keep the seedlings warm. The shed temperature is controlled at 22-25°C, with a maximum of 30°C and a minimum of 10°C. Pay attention to timely ventilation and hardening to prevent rotten seedlings and burnt seedlings. Pay attention to water control, adopt the dry seedling raising method, and pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests at the seedling stage, especially the prevention and treatment of blight and bakanae disease.

(9) Requirements for strong seedlings. Seedlings should have a well-developed root system, suitable seedling height, thick stems, and green leaves that are even and tidy. Southern early rice 3.1-3.5 leaves, seedling height 12-18 cm, seedling age 25-30 days; single crop rice and late rice 3.5-4.5 leaves, seedling height 12-20 cm, seedling age 15-20 days.

(10) Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. During the seedling field, focus on the prevention and control of blight, bakanae disease, and rice thrips. For the prevention and control of blight, the first step is to prepare bed soil and adjust acidity. Neutral or slightly alkaline soil needs to use seedling strengthening agent or acid adjustment agent to adjust soil acidity, adjust the pH value to below 6.0, and do soil disinfection at the same time ; Bakanae disease prevention and control first plant disease-resistant varieties, avoid planting susceptible varieties, and do a good job of seed disinfection. It is recommended to use cyclostrobin, prochloraz and other chemicals to soak the seeds according to the amount, and advocate machine transplanting with medicine.

2. Suitable area

It is suitable for popularization and application in rice production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, South China and Southwest China.

3. Matters needing attention

1. The seedlings of early rice are stacked in trays, and the seedling trays are transported out of the darkroom. The temperature difference between indoor and outdoor should not be too large. Note that the darkroom should be ventilated and cooled for 1-2 hours before the transfer, and then the seedling trays should be removed from the darkroom.

2. At present, most of the rice seedlings produced in the south are raised in greenhouses, and the seedlings need to be hardened before machine transplanting to enhance the stress resistance of the rice seedlings.