Light Simplified High Value and Efficient Cultivation Techniques for Winter Sweet Corn

Winter planting sweet corn is an advantageous characteristic industry in western Guangdong. The “Winter planting sweet corn light, simplified, high value, and efficient cultivation technology” focuses on the integration of water and fertilizer, straw return to the field and conservation tillage, and comprehensive disease and pest prevention and control. It has the advantages of high water and fertilizer utilization rate, fertilizing soil fertility, short stubble spacing, and high output value.Technical points1. Variety selection: Choose a high yield, high-quality, cold resistant sweet corn variety that has passed quality review or introduction registration, with a seed germination rate of over 90%.2. Cultivated land preparation (straw returning and conservation tillage without less tillage): Before the first crop planting, deep loosening and sun drying of the field, and fine land preparation. After the first harvest, the straw is crushed and returned to the field. According to the specific situation of the soil, less tillage/shallow tillage is used for land preparation.3. Seed treatment: Mix the seeds with suitable chemicals and dry them in the shade.4. Determination of sowing date: sow after early September (Bailu), avoiding typhoons in terms of climate. In terms of the market, avoid the peak listing period in the Pearl River Delta region.5. Seeding method: Mechanical sowing, single grain precision sowing, large and small row sowing, small row spacing of 65cm, large row spacing of 75cm, and plant spacing of 30cm. During the same period, seedlings will be raised at a 10% shortage rate for transplantation and seedling replacement.6. Fertilization and irrigation (integrated water and fertilizer): Apply 800kg organic fertilizer before fine soil preparation, and mix with rotary tillage. After sowing, lay pipes, drip irrigation to promote germination, and regularly drip irrigation with water and fertilizer after emergence.7. Comprehensive green prevention and control of diseases, pests, and weeds.(1) Chemical weeding: Closed weeding for 1-2 days after sowing, spraying specialized herbicides for weeding during the seedling stage, using low toxicity pesticides+additives+efficient spraying tools.(2) Pest and disease management: Spray the first time during the jointing period to prevent pests and diseases, spray the second time at the small bell mouth to prevent pests and diseases, spray the third time from the large bell mouth to before heading to prevent pests and diseases, and spray the powder according to the occurrence status of pests and diseases after dispersing. Using one spray multi effect+low toxicity pesticides+additives+plant growth regulators+efficient spraying of agricultural tools.8. Timely harvesting: Harvest fresh ears 20 to 25 days after pollination according to market conditions, and preserve them in ice water after harvesting.9. Straw returning to the field: After harvesting fresh ears, the straw returning machine mechanically crushes the straw and returns it to the field.Suitable areaThis technology is suitable for winter planting sweet corn in areas with dry climate, low soil fertility, deteriorated structure and high multiple cropping coefficient, which is conducive to efficient use of water and fertilizer, fertility improvement, and efficient use of light and temperature resources.Benefit analysisThis technology saves 21.3% -32.4% in chemical fertilizers and 32.1% in pesticides compared to traditional planting (control) in the core demonstration area. According to the “National High Yield Creation and Production Testing Acceptance Measures”, the on-site acceptance results showed that the high yield technology increased production by an average of 9.2% compared to the control. At the current market price of 3.2 yuan/kg, the average increase in production and income compared to the control was 371.5 yuan/mu, saving costs and increasing efficiency by 122.5 yuan/mu, and a total increase in income of 494.0 yuan/mu.matters needing attentionDuring mechanical live broadcasting, attention should be paid to soil bonding, seed blocking, and missed seeding caused by high soil moisture content. Planting should be carried out when the moisture content is appropriate and the soil is loose.