The landscape of a leisure agricultural park refers to the total amount of formal information composed of various environmental factors within the leisure agricultural park or rural area. It can become an aesthetic object for people, providing a sightseeing environment for tourists, and is also an organic system with multiple functions such as production, sightseeing, leisure, and science popularization. Building a leisure agricultural park has both distinctive features and economic benefits; Landscape planning is particularly important for agricultural parks that can not only meet the agricultural production function, but also carry out tourism. Each leisure agricultural park has its own unique situation, and its planning and zoning forms are diverse. And its landscape types are basically the same, which can be summarized into the following types of landscapes: farmland landscape, water landscape, forest landscape, architectural landscape, technological agricultural landscape, and cultural landscape.01. Farmland Landscape62.jpgLandscape function: This type of landscape is often used for flower gardens, vegetable gardens, tea gardens, orchards, etc. It can be semi open or fully open, adding garden landscape elements to the agricultural production base in the park, planning winding garden roads, adding rest facilities, and embellishing garden ornaments. In addition to producing flowers and trees in rows, plants are mostly planted in clusters or scattered ways, and should not be arranged in a regular and symmetrical manner, in order to be consistent with the natural style of the sightseeing agricultural park.63.jpgIn the vegetable garden, activities that allow tourists to participate and experience firsthand can be carried out. Tourists can personally work on the ground, wielding hoes and picking fresh vegetables. While sweating profusely, they can experience the joy and joy of rural labor.Tea gardens not only have production functions, but also are good places for tourists to taste tea and rest. Tasting tea in a tea garden with picturesque mountains, clear waters, and fresh air is undoubtedly another realm. In addition to tea tasting, visitors can personally participate in the process of tea picking and tea making, as well as understand the connotation of Chinese traditional tea culture through tea set exhibitions and tea ceremony performances.64.jpgThe botanical garden has three major functions: flower and tree production, viewing, and science popularization. Visitors can learn about various plants by hanging signs while visiting the botanical garden. Visit the master in the bonsai garden to make bonsai, and personally learn the techniques of bonsai binding and stone placement.Plant selection: The plants selected for this type of landscape should have both ornamental and economic value, such as rapeseed, beet, leek, amaranth, tea, Hemerocallis, Ophiopogon japonicus, chrysanthemum, yellow flower, chrysanthemum, pyrethrum, wild chrysanthemum, jade hairpin, hollyhock, colorful leaf grass, scallion, licorice, dahlia, fritillaria, white ginger, lily, honeysuckle, aloe vera, cactus, Shegan, Angelica sinensis, red leaf beet, kale, fragrant, rose, Bauhinia Mufurong, Magnolia, Michelia, Jasmine, Plum, Osmanthus, Milan, freesia, etc.02. Water LandscapeIn the sightseeing agricultural park, the main forms of water are streams and lakes. The landscape characteristics and functions of the two types of water bodies are different. Streams are mostly natural water bodies, mainly for sightseeing and leisure entertainment, while lakes and ponds are mostly fish ponds and lotus ponds used for production. In terms of landscape creation, they should also have the functions of production, sightseeing, and entertainment.65.jpg03. Stream LandscapeLandscape function: Tourists can not only stroll along the river to enjoy the beautiful scenery, but also participate in activities such as boating, fishing, water riding, and sand stacking.Key planning points: The creek relies on its winding posture and clear water to highlight the word “wild charm” in the landscape. The landscape is dominated by ornamental marsh plants, hygrophytes and aquatic plant, and the plant landscaping techniques are mostly cluster plants, scattered plants and sheet plants. The waterfront is adorned with stones and small pieces like waterwheels, creating a unique rural flower stream landscape.The commonly used plants are calamus, umbrella grass, iris, hypericum, iris, celandine, reed, orchid, spider orchid, weeping willow, maple poplar, chi shan, maple, metasequoia, plantain, tamarix, ash, lotus, water lily, sagitta, alisma orientalis, cattail, etc.66.jpg04. Lake and Pond LandscapeLandscape function: The lake pond is a combination of production and sightseeing entertainment. Its production functions include the planting of aquatic plant and the breeding of fish and poultry. While meeting production functions, it can also meet the needs of tourists for sightseeing and entertainment. In the planning of lake and pond water landscape, form an ecological chain that closely combines animals, plants, and water bodies, with a virtuous cycle.Key planning points: The water surface of the lake is relatively large and mostly in a still state, so in terms of plant landscape, the creation of waterfront background forests should be highlighted to highlight the width of the water surface. Plant species can be commonly used in stream landscapes, but due to the fact that lakes and ponds often have production functions, more emphasis should be placed on economically valuable species such as lotus, thicket fruit, wild rice, red water chestnut, cigu, water chestnut, etc. In addition, with the increase of aquarium lovers, the ornamental aquarium industry is booming, and ornamental aquatic plants have become an important carrier for the survival of ornamental fish and an important material for water landscape. Therefore, the economic value of water grass is highlighted, and a dedicated water grass planting area can be opened for water grass production. Common types of water plants include duckweed, lotus root of Pingpeng, triangular taro, purple taro, water duckweed, locust leaf duckweed, water hibiscus, crown genus, pepper grass genus, beaver algae genus, water wheel front, etc.67.jpg05. Forest LandscapeLandscape function: The commemorative forest mainly provides a place for people to express their emotions, and people can provide spiritual support by planting commemorative trees or claiming trees in the commemorative forest. This can not only express and release the emotions of tourists, but also achieve the goal of greening, afforestation, and beautifying the mountain; It can not only improve ecological benefits, but also achieve good economic and social benefits.Key planning points: When creating a commemorative forest, if the vegetation on the original site is relatively sparse, dense vegetation should be planted around the forest first, and colored leaf tree species such as red maple, ginkgo, maple, etc. should be added to ensure the external viewing effect of the forest; In the middle of the forest, sparse planting can be done to leave enough space for visitors to plant trees. The selected plants are mostly trees, and their growth rate should be moderate, so that tourists can feel the gradual increase in height of the trees. If it is too fast or too slow, it does not meet the requirements of the commemorative forest.68.jpg06. Architectural LandscapeThe buildings in the park are mostly based on local traditional architectural styles to highlight their unique personalities. The materials of architectural sketches should reflect the simplicity and freshness of rural areas, with bamboo, wood, and stone as the main materials. It is not recommended to use modern methods such as tiling on the exterior walls of buildings and large-scale hard paving on the ground, which are overly modern.69.jpg07. Technological Agricultural LandscapeToday’s agriculture advocates science and technology agriculture, so sightseeing agricultural parks will apply some new science and technology to agricultural production, while also assuming the function of scientific research. Glass greenhouse can be set up in the park to plant new and wild varieties rarely seen in daily life, and show soilless cultivation methods, such as hydroponics, substrate culture, three-dimensional cultivation, etc., which is another new and modern agricultural landscape for tourists.70.jpg08. Cultural LandscapeCulture is a connotative thing that is reflected in various landscapes. The content of culture includes historical humanities, agricultural culture, rural lifestyle, ethnic characteristics, local customs, and so on. Mainly conveyed to people through architectural sketches, physical displays, characteristic cultural activities, and even naming of scenic spots and scenery.Agricultural culture exhibition: Through exhibitions on traditional agriculture and promotion of modern agriculture, visitors’ knowledge can be increased, people’s awareness of environmental protection and understanding of sustainable agricultural development can be strengthened, resulting in great social benefits. Traditional agriculture exhibition – to show the local traditional agricultural production methods, traditional crops and traditional agricultural tools, such as plows, loom, hoes, stone mills, etc., in the form of pictures, materials, models, etc. Modern Agricultural Technology Exhibition – mainly introduces the situation of modern agricultural production and promotes basic knowledge of agricultural production and modern agricultural production high-tech. It can be done through image exhibitions, watching videos, reading materials, and other methods.71.jpgScenic spot naming: Scenic spot naming is a comprehensive extraction of the characteristics of the scenery, which can be said to be the finishing touch, and therefore can best reflect the cultural connotation of the landscape.Special cultural activities: The special cultural activities held in the Sightseeing Agricultural Park can be combined with ethnic festivals, such as the Water Splashing Festival of the Dai ethnic group and the Torch Festival of the Bai ethnic group. A variety of activities can also be carried out in conjunction with local specialties. Popular DIY activities such as homemade batiks, pottery, and weaving can be personally operated by visitors under the guidance of their masters, and the finished products can be taken away as a souvenir. Through firsthand experience, people also gain a deeper understanding of the local people’s way of life and work.
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