Developing ecological agriculture to make rural areas’ sustainable ‘beautiful

Ecological agriculture is a sustainable agricultural model that utilizes ecological principles and methods to achieve efficient, high-quality, low consumption, and environmental protection in agricultural production. Promoting ecological agriculture can improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural products, increase farmers’ income, promote rural economic development, and increase farmers’ income. At the same time, the development of ecological agriculture emphasizes the combination of agricultural product production and agricultural and rural ecological environment protection, achieving the harmonious unity of the two. Transforming from an intensive agriculture that only focuses on food production to promoting the development of multi-functional agriculture, continuously enhancing the sustainable development capacity of agriculture, not only provides sufficient and healthy food for contemporary people, but also protects sustainable and usable farmland for future generations to continue developing more potential future food. It can be said that ecological agriculture is an important component and implementation path of ecological civilization construction.

The rational layout of biodiversity not only solves the problem of controlling crop diseases, but also increases the yield of rice per unit area. According to statistics, farmers can earn an additional income of over a hundred yuan from the increase in yield per acre of rice field, and also reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, reduce production costs, improve farmers’ living standards and farmland ecological environment, demonstrating a bright prospect of achieving sustainable production in modern agricultural ecological environment.

Intercropping is a combination of intercropping and intercropping. Intercropping is the simultaneous planting of two or more crops at intervals of a certain number of rows. Intercropping often involves intercropping tall and short crops, and the two crops have a relatively long growth period together. Intercropping mainly involves planting another crop in the later stages of one crop’s growth, and is a planting method that involves sowing or planting between plants, rows, and borders in the later stages of the previous crop’s growth. Professor Li Long from China Agricultural University has been engaged in research on the mechanisms and long-term effects of efficient resource utilization in intercropping systems. Through exploring the scientific wisdom of intercropping in traditional agricultural techniques in China, his research team found that intercropping can not only increase crop yield, but also increase soil biodiversity through differences in root characteristics of different crops and related soil microbial and animal differences. At the same time, this combination of different species utilizes nutrient resources from different periods and spaces, achieving complementary utilization of resources, improving the utilization efficiency of soil and fertilizers, increasing yield and reducing nutrient loss and environmental pollution, making agricultural production more environmentally friendly. Professor Li Long will vigorously promote intercropping technology globally, not only in developing countries, but also in some European and American countries.

In addition, the composting and research and development of organic fertilizers, rice field fish farming, shrimp farming, duck farming, three-dimensional agriculture, pond systems, and so on, have all been studied by Chinese agricultural ecologists. They have excavated and inherited the simple ecological ideas contained in traditional Chinese agriculture, playing an important role in promoting and applying these ecological wisdom. To achieve the development of ecological agriculture in modern agricultural production, we need to continuously strengthen scientific research related to ecological agriculture, especially discover and summarize the scientific principles in traditional agriculture in China, improve and improve relevant technologies, and promote their application. And all of these require sustained investment and attention from the state and society in ecological agriculture research.