Explain the application of UAV in agriculture

When it comes to the application of UAVs in agriculture, the first thing that comes to mind is pesticide spraying. Pesticide spraying is the most common application method of plant protection UAVs, which has been recognized by people because of its advantages such as high efficiency, safety, cost saving and easy operation. However, the application of drones in agriculture is not limited to this. The following is a detailed interpretation of various applications of drones in agriculture.

First, farmland drug spraying

Spraying is the most widely used agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), and compared with the traditional plant protection work, plant protection uav has the accurate operation, efficient, environmental protection, intelligent, the characteristics of simple operation, save large machines for farmers and a large number of manpower cost, many areas across the country have been using eppo unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) for drug operation, by the people.

According to relevant people, according to the country’s red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land, the future agricultural plant protection field will have 100 billion market space at present. Presumably seeing the promise of agriculture,Make its load of 10 kg at the same time the thrust-weight ratio is as high as 1:2.2, per hour operation volume can reach 40 to 60 mu, operation efficiency is more than 40 times of artificial spraying.

On December 1, Zero Degree Intelligence followed suit with the release of the plant protection drone “Guardian — Z10″, which is the first new product in the” Guardian “agricultural series. The agricultural four-axis UAV “Guard-Z10” adopts modular design, rated load 10kg, single endurance (operation) time of about 15 minutes, each operation area can cover 15 mu of land.

Second, farmland information monitoring

Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) farmland information monitoring mainly includes the diseases and pests, irrigation and crop growth monitoring, etc., which is mainly composed of remote sensing technology is the use of spatial information technology on large areas of farmland and land for aerial, from aerial photos, video data fully and comprehensive understanding of the crop growth environment, cycle, such as the indicators, from irrigation to soil variation, To diseases, pests and bacteria that can’t be seen by the naked eye, to point out the problem areas, so that farmers can better manage the field. Uav farmland information monitoring has the advantages of large scope, strong timeliness, objectivity and accuracy, which is beyond the reach of conventional monitoring methods.

In 2002, NASA used unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to monitor farmland information. The PathFinders-Plus solar drone, equipped with a high-resolution color multispectral imager, was used to monitor weed outbreaks, exposure irrigation and fertilization anomalies on Kauai Coffee’s 1,500 hm2 plantation.

In addition to the United States, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with spectral equipment to measure the carotene content of leaves in the 400-800nm spectrum to simulate the reflectance of grapevines has been previously reported in Spain.In July 4, the micro UAV developed by Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Nanjing University of Science and Technology is equipped with special spectral analyzer to detect diseases and pests in farmland and orchards. By patrolling the crop planting area, it can quickly determine the disease and disease type of a plant in the area.

According to the relevant departments, the UAV through the spectrometer to observe crop diseases, is through different crops, leaf spectral reflectance is not the same, and then the spectrum line data obtained in the observation of different principles. At the same time, the spectral data of healthy and sick leaves of the same species are also different. The drone takes advantage of this feature by using the instrument to locate sick crops so that they can be selectively treated with drugs.

It is reported that researchers at the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences will also build a spectral database of crop pests and diseases, so that the UAV system can identify more pests and diseases, and better control crop pests and diseases.

Three, agricultural insurance investigation

Crops in the process of growth inevitably suffer from the invasion of natural disasters, making farmers damaged. For farmers with small areas of crops, it is not difficult to survey the affected areas. However, when a large area of crops is damaged by nature, the workload of crop survey and determination is enormous, and the most difficult problem to accurately define is the loss area.

In order to determine the actual disaster area more effectively and conduct the disaster loss investigation of agricultural insurance, agricultural insurance companies apply UAV to the compensation of agricultural insurance. Uav has the technical characteristics of maneuvering fast response ability, high-resolution image and high-precision positioning data acquisition ability, application and expansion ability of various mission equipment, convenient system maintenance and so on, which can carry out disaster damage determination tasks efficiently.

By obtaining data from aerial photography survey, post-processing and technical analysis of aerial photos, and comparing and correcting the results with field measurements, insurance companies can determine the actual disaster area more accurately. Uav disaster loss determination solves the problems of the difficulty of survey loss determination and lack of timeliness in agricultural insurance compensation, greatly improves the speed of survey work, saves a lot of manpower and material resources, and ensures the accuracy of farmland compensation investigation while improving efficiency.

In addition to the above three uses, UAVs can also be used for sowing, pollination and fertilization in agriculture.

In recent years, the agricultural UAV operation gradually carried out fully shows advantages in fertilizer application, crop pollination, sowing and other aspects. Compared with traditional agricultural machinery, firstly, UAV sowing and fertilization have the characteristics of high precision and high efficiency, which can free farmers from heavy plant protection operations and facilitate large-scale production. Secondly, the UAV is compact in size and convenient for translocation and transportation. Again not restricted by terrain conditions, good applicability;Finally, the drone operator can control it through ground remote control and GPS positioning, without directly operating the machine, which effectively avoids casualties and has high safety. All these make agricultural UAVs become popular models in the field of agricultural plant protection research and application, and are welcomed by farmers.