In the process of CAPsicum growth and development, virus disease is infected extremely easily, what prevention and cure method have?

During the growth and development of pepper, it is highly susceptible to viral diseases. If the virus disease is mild, it can cause the plant to drop flowers and fruits, and if it is severe, it can lead to fruit deformity, rot and plant death. So what’s the prevention?

Cucumber Mosaic virus disease and tobacco Mosaic virus disease are the main causes of pepper virus disease. In addition, there are potato Y virus, potato X virus, broad bean wilt virus, tobacco etch virus, alfalfa Mosaic virus, pepper light mottled virus and so on. Pepper is often infected with a variety of viruses in the field, showing different symptoms.

Cucumber Mosaic virus can infect many host plants. The pathogen was the main source of infection on vegetables such as celery, tomato and cucumber cultivated in winter greenhouse. It is spread by winged aphids, is not long-lasting, and juice contact can also cause disease in peppers.

Tobacco Mosaic virus also has a wide host range. Diseased plants such as tomatoes and eggplants, seeds, diseased bodies in the soil, sun-dried tobacco leaves and processed tobacco are all potentially toxic, becoming the initial source of infection and spreading through SAP contact.

Cucumber Mosaic virus, potato Y virus, alfalfa Mosaic virus, broad bean fusarium wilt virus and tobacco etch virus are all transmitted by aphids. Tobacco Mosaic virus, potato X virus and pepper spot virus are mainly transmitted through contact with fruit juice.

Next, we turn to the case of pepper virus disease. The seedling stage and the middle and late fruit setting stage are the sensitive stages of pepper virus. The appropriate conditions for the disease were temperature 20-35 ℃ and air relative humidity below 80%. High temperature and drought conditions are conducive to the propagation of pathogens infecting capsicum, causing capsicum virus disease.

In the pepper field, the proportion of winged aphid flies was larger, and aphid larvae reproduced more. Aphid is harmful to pepper, which is beneficial to the infection of bacteria, and the disease of pepper virus is serious. Hot dry continuous cropping plots, extensive management and operation, prone to disease.

In North China, the first season of high incidence of capsicum virus disease is from mid-June to early August, which is also the period with the most serious damage of capsicum virus disease. From September to October, the second peak season of pepper virus disease is less severe than the first one.

In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the disease usually starts in mid-May, with the peak period from June to July. In August, high temperatures and drought will further aggravate the disease. In South China, the incidence was more severe in spring, autumn and winter, with the peak from mid-May to mid-June. The incidence of pepper in open land was higher than that in protected land.

So what are the preventive measures? As far as possible not continuous cropping, such as continuous cropping, using pepper grafting technology, and soil fumigation disinfection and other methods, reduce soilborne diseases, prevention and control of residual bacterial diseases in the soil. Crops such as Onions and garlic, beans and cruciferous vegetables can be rotated for three to four years.

Choose good pepper seeds, soak with 10% sodium phosphate for about half an hour, and then mix with a new lipid film, which can effectively kill viruses and bacteria on the surface of the seeds, and then rinse the seeds with water to accelerate germination and sowing. Spraying 0.1% zinc sulfate at seedling stage or colonization stage and 0.2% zinc sulfate at flowering stage can improve the resistance of pepper plants and reduce the occurrence of viral diseases.

Control aphids. Pepper should be planted in the shed. When ventilating, pay attention to installing insect-proof nets at the vents so that aphids cannot enter the shed along the vents. At the same time, taking advantage of the phototaxis of pests such as aphids, pulling silver reflective strips, reflective membranes or yellow armyworm plates in pepper fields can effectively reduce aphids.

In prickly ash growing areas, farmers should reduce cross pollination of prickly ash fields. If you must go, it is best to change your clothes and wash your hands with soap and water before going to work in your own pepper fields to prevent cross-infection of various diseases, such as viral diseases.

More decomposing organic fertilizer or farmyard fertilizer, increase the active beneficial bacteria in the soil, improve the soil. The soil moisture is high, the soil moisture is loose, the air permeability is good, the pepper plant grows vigorously, the stress resistance is strong, is not easy to be infected by various viral diseases.

Aphid control: pepper planting, generally can be spread around about 15 cm wide silver gray film, while hanging silver gray film above the seedbed, generally this can reduce aphid migration, reduce the spread of virus disease. When aphids are found in the field, control with 50% aphid resistant wettable powder or 50% Malathion emulsion can generally be applied to reduce the spread of viral diseases.

Drug control: During pepper planting, before colonization and after slow seedling, 0.1% zinc sulfate solution can be sprayed once, which can generally enhance the resistance to disease of pepper plants. At the beginning of the disease, potassium permanganate 1000 times liquid can be used to spray prevention and control, which can reduce the occurrence of pepper virus disease.

Pepper virus disease is usually caused by cucumber Mosaic virus and tobacco Mosaic virus disease, when planting pepper, should according to local climate conditions and plant selection of disease-resistant ability strong high quality varieties, in the growth process of capsicum, should also be prepared to prevention and control of aphids and strengthen field management, at the beginning of the disease, should be in a timely manner to prevent and control spraying, reducing the occurrence of pepper virus disease, So as to improve the yield and quality of pepper.